According to Karl Marx, the final stage of human society is communism — a system in which classes and the state disappear. When I look at the future, I arrive at a similar conclusion, though through a different path. And I believe this will happen not through revolutions, weapons, or dictatorships, but through the development of technology itself.
In my view, technology will gradually bypass the fundamental flaws of today’s political and economic order.
One of the clearest examples of this is representation. Why were parliaments created in the first place? Why did people give their votes to other individuals and send them to assemblies to make decisions on their behalf? The answer was simple: it was physically impossible to gather an entire nation in one place at the same time. No structure could hold millions of people at once. And even if such a structure could be built, it could never operate continuously in a practical way.
But technology removes that obstacle. Millions of people no longer need to stand under the same physical roof. They can gather on the same digital platform, within the same network, at the same time; they can debate, vote, and make decisions together. That is why I believe representative systems will eventually be replaced by direct online assemblies. In the politics of the future, there may be no deputies, no elected intermediaries. People may govern themselves directly.
The second great transformation will likely happen in the monetary system. What has begun today with cryptocurrencies, in my opinion, will reach a much deeper and more transformative level in the future. What we see now are only early signs. Bitcoin, to me, is not the final form; it is only an inspiring beginning. The real transformation will come through more advanced, more practical, and more useful forms of digital currency that fit everyday life far better.
Today’s central banking system is built on money that can be expanded. Banknotes make daily trade easier, yes, but because they can be endlessly reproduced, they also make inflation possible. Gold, on the other hand, is valuable because it is limited, but it is not practical for everyday transactions, because you cannot divide it infinitely in any meaningful way.
A limited digital currency could solve both problems at once. It could remain scarce, meaning it could not be arbitrarily multiplied, while also being divisible almost endlessly downward. Technology makes this possible. In such a system, people could still carry out daily purchases with ease, but because the money supply would remain limited, an economy opposite to today’s could emerge.
Today, the price of the things we buy tends to rise over time because money loses value. But in a world built on limited digital money, the opposite could happen: as production increases and efficiency improves, goods become cheaper while money preserves — or even increases — its value. A chocolate bar that costs 0.001 digital units today might cost 0.0000001 units ten years later. Because in that world, money would not decay; production would become cheaper.
The social consequences of this would be enormous. People would no longer produce useless things simply to keep the system turning. Waste would decline. The more you overproduce something, the lower its price would fall, so production would begin to align more closely with real need. Excessive consumption and the obsession with endless growth would weaken. Perhaps, for the first time, the lungs of the world would truly begin to heal.
In such a future, people might live not only more efficiently, but more calmly and more consciously. Chaos would diminish. People would have more time to think. Education could become more meaningful. Parents could devote more time and attention to their children. Life might no longer be reduced to a constant struggle for survival, as it is today.
That is why I think Karl Marx may ultimately have been right. But perhaps humanity will arrive at his predicted destination through a different road than the one he imagined. Communism may emerge not as a regime imposed by force, but as a new order made possible — and almost inevitable — by technology itself. Not through dictators, but through software. Not through war, but through networks. Not through coercion, but through capability.
In other words, one day humanity may not need to be persuaded into communism; technology may simply make it the most logical and achievable direction.
Perhaps classes will disappear. Perhaps borders will lose their meaning as well. Perhaps the state, in the form we know it today, will become history. And all of this may happen not because humanity is forced to submit to an ideology, but because the old structural flaws will have been technically overcome.
That is the future I see.
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